4 agencies meet this criterion
Subcriteria
10.1. The agency encourages grantees, provides guidance to grantees or provides technical assistance to grantees on the use of results-focused contracts that include outcomes aligned with grantee goals (in at least one program).
10.2. In the activities described in 10.1, the agency prioritizes proposals that address the needs of people who are experiencing unfavorable outcomes as evidenced by at least one example of a grant or Notice of Funding Opportunity with this guidance.
USAID employs a “Pay-for-Results (PFR)” approach to development, in which the agency makes payments when implementing organizations achieve specific milestones or development results. PFR brings all stakeholders together from the beginning of the development activity to set performance metrics, helping to ensure that allocated funds achieve measurable results as cost effectively as possible. USAID has developed a guide offering guidance on setting, pricing and administering performance metrics in PFR programming; a PFR primer is also available here.
USAID also has Notices of Funding Opportunity (NOFOs) that requires procurement contracts to prioritize proposals addressing the needs of people experiencing unfavorable outcomes. An example is the USAID/Ghana NOFO, Teaching and Learning Materials and Classroom Furniture (TLM+) Activity. Its evaluation criteria state that USAID/Ghana will evaluate an applicant’s technical approach and year one work plan outline based on the extent to which they are sound, evidence-based and likely to meet the objectives and purpose set forth in the NOFO, including applying a gender, youth and environmental protection lens; using a behavior-led approach; and incorporating opportunities for learning and adapting.
In order to help leverage procurement to achieve equitable outcomes, HUD uses and encourages performance-based contract administration for multiple programs and public housing agency contracts. This is documented in the agency’s Annual Contributions Contract.
The Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program is an example of a HUD program that requires contracts to prioritize proposals that address the needs of people experiencing unfavorable outcomes, where practicable.
The agency actively manages contracts and uses data to help leverage procurement to achieve equitable outcomes. Specifically, DOL encourages pay-for-performance with report templates and operating guidance for the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act. DOL’s Employment and Training Administration has also issued guidance on pay-for-performance and will provide technical assistance on pay-for-performance to states and localities.
MCC uses strategies to structure, evaluate and actively manage contracts and uses data to help leverage procurement to achieve equitable outcomes. Further, MCC offers grantees opportunities to receive results-based financing (RBF). MCC also provides RBF with technical support to its grantees.
In principle, RBF is well-aligned with the MCC model due to its focus on accountability and results; however, various features of the MCC model may create challenges, including a rigid five-year implementation window and a required set of investment criteria. The latter includes MCC’s 10% economic rate of return hard hurdle for every project and a requirement that the project address a root cause of a binding constraint to economic growth. MCC continues to assess how to apply its investment criteria for the specific challenges presented by RBF programs.
MCC has piloted RBF in two programs (see Box 1 and 2) and is currently assessing the approach for several programs under development, including investments in Lesotho and Senegal. The experiences in Morocco and Sierra Leone have yet to be evaluated, and it is too early to draw lessons learned from these pilots.
MCC’s Program Grant Guidelines require grantees to be evaluated using a standardized set of screening and due diligence tools that “assess financial sustainability, management and implementation capacity, technical feasibility, market impact, and contribution to economic growth and poverty reduction.” Thus, all MCC programs address the needs of those experiencing unfavorable outcomes and require that contractors’ contributions to increasing economic growth and reducing poverty levels are measured.